Education Center

Explore our comprehensive educational resources to learn about genetic testing, hereditary conditions, and personalized medicine. All content is verified against authoritative sources including GeneReviews.

Learning Paths

Understanding Genetic Testing

Learn the basics of genetic testing, what it can tell you, and how to interpret results.

Cancer Genetics

Understand hereditary cancer syndromes and risk management options.

Reproductive Genetics

Learn about carrier screening and family planning options.

Pharmacogenomics

Discover how your genes affect drug responses.

Quick Topics

What is Genetic Testing?

Genetic testing looks for changes in your DNA that can inform you about your health risks, carrier status for inherited conditions, and how you might respond to certain medications.

Who Should Consider Testing?

Testing may be recommended if you have a family history of genetic conditions, certain ethnic backgrounds with higher carrier rates, or are planning a family.

What is Genetic Counseling?

Genetic counselors are healthcare professionals who help you understand genetic information and make informed decisions about testing and management.

Key Concepts

Autosomal Dominant

Only one copy of the altered gene is needed to cause the condition. An affected parent has a 50% chance of passing it to each child.

Autosomal Recessive

Two copies of the altered gene are needed. Carriers (one copy) are typically unaffected. If both parents are carriers, each child has a 25% chance of being affected.

X-Linked

The gene is on the X chromosome. Males (XY) are typically more affected than females (XX), who may be carriers.

Multifactorial/Polygenic

Multiple genes and environmental factors contribute. Risk is expressed as a polygenic risk score rather than a single gene variant.

A polygenic risk score combines information from many genetic variants to estimate your genetic predisposition to a condition. Unlike single-gene disorders, PRS represents a spectrum of risk based on common variants.

Key Points:
  • PRS is not a diagnosis - it estimates genetic predisposition
  • Environmental and lifestyle factors also influence disease risk
  • High PRS doesn't mean you will develop the condition
  • Low PRS doesn't mean you're immune to the condition

Pharmacogenomics studies how your genes affect your response to medications. Genetic variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes can cause you to be a "poor metabolizer" (drug builds up, increased side effects) or "ultrarapid metabolizer" (drug cleared too fast, reduced effectiveness).

Explore Drug-Gene Interactions

Carrier screening identifies individuals who carry one copy of a gene mutation for a recessive condition. Carriers are typically healthy but can pass the mutation to their children. If both parents are carriers, each child has a 25% chance of being affected.

Common conditions screened include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, Tay-Sachs disease, and spinal muscular atrophy.

Genetic Terms Glossary

Allele

One of two or more versions of a gene

Carrier

Person with one copy of a recessive mutation

Genotype

Your genetic makeup at a specific location

Phenotype

Observable characteristics resulting from genotype

Variant

A difference in DNA sequence from reference

Pathogenic

A variant that causes disease

Authoritative Resources

NCBI

GeneReviews

Expert-authored disease descriptions

OMIM

Catalog of human genes and disorders

PharmGKB

Pharmacogenomics knowledge base

MedlinePlus

Patient-friendly health information

Have Questions?

Our genetic counselors are here to help you understand genetics and make informed decisions about your health.

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